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Considerable research has focused on the relationship between computer experience and attitudes. This study aimed to identify those experience factors that are best able to predict computer attitudes. A questionnaire was designed ...
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Considerable research has focused on the relationship between computer experience and attitudes. This study aimed to identify those experience factors that are best able to predict computer attitudes. A questionnaire was designed to incorporate various measures of experience as defined by previous researchers. Reliability analyses were appropriate for both experience and attitude scales. Relationships between these constructs whilst significant (p < 0.01) were at best moderate in magnitude, and experience factors were poor predictors of computer attitude scores. However, exploratory analyses showed that high levels of variance in the variable 'computer confidence' could be explained by quantifiable use data. It is concluded that current questionnaire scales inadequately reflect the many aspects of experience that contribute toward computer attitudes.
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Previous research has demonstrated that computer experience has a positive impact on computer self-efficacy. However, little or no research has investigated the unique influence of specific types of computer experiences or knowled...
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Previous research has demonstrated that computer experience has a positive impact on computer self-efficacy. However, little or no research has investigated the unique influence of specific types of computer experiences or knowledge on computer self-efficacy beliefs. This study examines the influence of eight types of computer experiences on computer self-efficacy. The results indicate that experience with computer programming and graphics applications have strong and significant effects on computer self-efficacy beliefs, whereas experience with spreadsheet and database applications demonstrated weak effects. The results offer useful insights into designing training courses and educational programs to enhance computer self-efficacy beliefs.
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It is often presumed that individuals with greater computer experience will easily adopt new or updated replacements of existing information technology. To examine this assumption, this study reviews prior computer experience rese...
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It is often presumed that individuals with greater computer experience will easily adopt new or updated replacements of existing information technology. To examine this assumption, this study reviews prior computer experience research, identifies two key dimensions of computer experience i.e. computer use and computer proficiency and evaluates their effects individually. Analysis of survey data from 737 respondents using structural equation modeling indicates that each dimension had differential effects on behavioral intentions to use a newly introduced internet-based technology with computer use having curvilinear effects on adoption intentions. Implications for research and practice are discussed.
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Levels of computer anxiety (CA) and quality of initial computer experience were obtained for a sample of 154 first year psychology students. They also responded to questions about the frequency and intensity of good and bad subseq...
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Levels of computer anxiety (CA) and quality of initial computer experience were obtained for a sample of 154 first year psychology students. They also responded to questions about the frequency and intensity of good and bad subsequent computer experiences, and the dimensions along which they varied (relaxed/tense and feeling in control/feeling incompetent). Results indicated that effects of good early and later experiences were additive. There was, however, an inoculation effect of good early experience, providing some protection against effects of frequent bad later experiences, but this effect diminished when at least one of the later bad experiences was of high intensity. There was recovery from initial bad experiences when these were followed by frequent and high intensity later good experiences. The effect of variations in the quality of later experience on CA was greater for the "feeling in control/ feeling incompetent" dimension than for the "relaxed/tense" dimension. Implications for the provision of computing experience for first year university students are discussed.
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When fitting complex models, such as finite element or discrete event simulations, the experiment design should exhibit desirable properties of both projectivity and orthogonality. To reduce experimental effort, sequential design ...
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When fitting complex models, such as finite element or discrete event simulations, the experiment design should exhibit desirable properties of both projectivity and orthogonality. To reduce experimental effort, sequential design strategies allow experimenters to collect data only until some measure of prediction precision is reached. In this article, we present a batch sequential experiment design method that uses sliced full factorial-based Latin hypercube designs (sFFLHDs), which are an extension to the concept of sliced orthogonal array-based Latin hypercube designs (OALHDs). At all stages of the sequential design, good univariate stratification is achieved. The structure of the FFLHDs also tends to produce uniformity in higher dimensions, especially at certain stages of the design. We show that our batch sequential design approach has good sampling and fitting qualities through both empirical studies and theoretical arguments. Supplementary materials are available online.
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Experimentation represents today a 'hot' topic in computing. If experiments made with the support of computers, such as computer simulations, have received increasing attention from philosophers of science and technology, question...
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Experimentation represents today a 'hot' topic in computing. If experiments made with the support of computers, such as computer simulations, have received increasing attention from philosophers of science and technology, questions such as "what does it mean to do experiments in computer science and engineering and what are their benefits?'' emerged only recently as central in the debate over the disciplinary status of the discipline. In this work we aim at showing, also by means of paradigmatic examples, how the traditional notion of controlled experiment should be revised to take into account a part of the experimental practice in computing along the lines of experimentation as exploration. Taking inspiration from the discussion on exploratory experimentation in the philosophy of science-experimentation that is not theory-driven-we advance the idea of explorative experiments that, although not new, can contribute to enlarge the debate about the nature and role of experimental methods in computing. In order to further refine this concept we recast explorative experiments as socio-technical experiments, that test new technologies in their socio-technical contexts. We suggest that, when experiments are explorative, control should be intended in a posteriori form, in opposition to the a priori form that usually takes place in traditional experimental contexts.
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In given article questions on directions of the theory and practice of computer modeling and the organization of computing experiment are considered at carrying out of pedagogical researches. Its condition for today is analyzed an...
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In given article questions on directions of the theory and practice of computer modeling and the organization of computing experiment are considered at carrying out of pedagogical researches. Its condition for today is analyzed and the mathematical model of processes of testing is offered. Now pedagogical researches are directed on that search and application of the developed methods in one area of methodical researches to extend to another. Undertaken separate attempts of generalizations also are not basic. From this point of view computer modeling and computing experiment are necessary for research of educational process as a whole, and also possibilities of a technique of teaching of separate disciplines.
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We introduce results of computer experiments on information processing in a hexagonal array of vesicles filled with Belousov–Zhabotinsky (BZ) solution in a sub-excitable mode.We represent values of Boolean variables by excitation...
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We introduce results of computer experiments on information processing in a hexagonal array of vesicles filled with Belousov–Zhabotinsky (BZ) solution in a sub-excitable mode.We represent values of Boolean variables by excitation wave-fragments and implement basic logical gates by colliding the wave-fragments. We show that a vesicle filled with BZ mixture can implement a range of basic logical functions. We cascade BZ-vesicle logical gates into arithmetic circuits implementing addition of two one-bit binary numbers. We envisage that our theoretical results will be applied in chemical laboratory designs of massive-parallel computers based on fine-grained compartmentalisation of excitable chemical systems.
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We tackle the problem of completing and inferring genetic networks under stationary conditions from static data, where network completion is to make the minimum amount of modifications to an initial network so that the completed n...
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We tackle the problem of completing and inferring genetic networks under stationary conditions from static data, where network completion is to make the minimum amount of modifications to an initial network so that the completed network is most consistent with the expression data in which addition of edges and deletion of edges are basic modification operations. For this problem, we present a new method for network completion using dynamic programming and least-squares fitting. This method can find an optimal solution in polynomial time if themaximumindegree of the network is bounded by a constant.We evaluate the effectiveness of our method through computational experiments using synthetic data. Furthermore, we demonstrate that our proposed method can distinguish the differences between two types of genetic networks under stationary conditions from lung cancer and normal gene expression data.
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In this paper concepts from the authors' previous treatment of tracer diffusion in the ordered alloy are combined with those from Manning's treatments of impurity diffusion in a pure metal and tracer diffusion in the binary random...
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In this paper concepts from the authors' previous treatment of tracer diffusion in the ordered alloy are combined with those from Manning's treatments of impurity diffusion in a pure metal and tracer diffusion in the binary random alloy to produce a new theory of impurity kinetics in the ordered state. The model here contains ten vacancy-atom exchange frequencies. Nearest neighbour impurity-vacancy interaction is assumed. The model is first developed for the disordered state and then extended to the ordered alloy with the B2 structure.
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